Eltrombopag Bioglan: Uses, Dosage & Side Effects
A thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA) that stimulates platelet production for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), severe aplastic anemia, and hepatitis C-associated thrombocytopenia
Eltrombopag Bioglan is an oral thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA) that stimulates the bone marrow to produce more platelets. It is prescribed for patients with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) who have not responded adequately to corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, or splenectomy, as well as for adults with severe aplastic anemia who have had an insufficient response to immunosuppressive therapy. Eltrombopag is also used to increase platelet counts in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection where thrombocytopenia limits the initiation or continuation of interferon-based antiviral treatment. This medication is taken once daily as a tablet on an empty stomach, and regular blood monitoring is essential throughout treatment.
Quick Facts: Eltrombopag Bioglan
Key Takeaways
- Eltrombopag Bioglan is a thrombopoietin receptor agonist that stimulates platelet production in the bone marrow, and is used for chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), severe aplastic anemia, and hepatitis C-associated thrombocytopenia.
- The tablet must be taken on an empty stomach (at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after eating) because dairy products, calcium-rich foods, antacids, and mineral supplements dramatically reduce its absorption.
- Regular liver function monitoring is mandatory, as eltrombopag carries a risk of hepatotoxicity; treatment should be discontinued if liver enzymes rise significantly above normal levels.
- Platelet counts typically begin to increase within 1–2 weeks, but the goal is not to normalize platelet counts – the aim is to raise them to a level that reduces bleeding risk, usually above 50 × 10⁹/L.
- Stopping eltrombopag abruptly can cause rebound thrombocytopenia (platelet counts dropping below pre-treatment levels), increasing bleeding risk; dose tapering and monitoring are essential upon discontinuation.
What Is Eltrombopag Bioglan and What Is It Used For?
Eltrombopag Bioglan contains the active substance eltrombopag (as eltrombopag olamine), a small-molecule, non-peptide thrombopoietin receptor agonist. Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a naturally occurring hormone produced primarily by the liver that plays a central role in regulating platelet production. By mimicking the action of TPO at its receptor on bone marrow cells, eltrombopag stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytes – the large bone marrow cells from which platelets are derived – leading to increased platelet counts in the circulating blood.
Unlike recombinant thrombopoietin or peptide-based TPO receptor agonists (such as romiplostim), eltrombopag binds to the transmembrane domain of the TPO receptor (c-Mpl) rather than the extracellular domain. This unique binding site means that eltrombopag activates the receptor through a different mechanism than endogenous thrombopoietin, and the two can act synergistically when both are present. The downstream signaling cascades triggered by eltrombopag include the JAK-STAT (Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription), MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), and PI3K/AKT pathways, all of which are critical for megakaryocyte growth, maturation, and platelet release.
Platelets are small blood cells that are essential for normal blood clotting. When platelet counts fall below normal levels (a condition called thrombocytopenia), patients are at increased risk of bleeding, which can range from mild bruising and petechiae (small red or purple spots on the skin) to life-threatening internal hemorrhage. Eltrombopag addresses this risk by boosting the body’s own platelet production capacity rather than providing temporary platelet transfusions.
Eltrombopag Bioglan is approved for the following indications, consistent with the approvals held by the originator product (Revolade/Promacta):
- Chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in adults: For patients aged 18 years and older who have had ITP for at least 6 months and have not responded adequately to other treatments (including corticosteroids, immunoglobulins, or splenectomy). ITP is an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system destroys its own platelets and also suppresses platelet production. Eltrombopag helps by stimulating new platelet formation to compensate for the increased destruction. Clinical trials, including the landmark RAISE study, demonstrated that eltrombopag significantly increased platelet counts and reduced bleeding events compared with placebo in chronic ITP patients.
- Chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in children: For pediatric patients aged 1 year and older with chronic ITP lasting at least 6 months who have not responded adequately to other treatments. The PETIT2 study showed that eltrombopag was effective and well-tolerated in children with chronic ITP, with sustained platelet responses observed in a significant proportion of patients.
- Severe aplastic anemia (SAA): For adult patients with severe aplastic anemia who have had an insufficient response to at least one course of immunosuppressive therapy (IST), or who are heavily pre-treated and unsuitable for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Aplastic anemia is a rare and serious condition in which the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient blood cells, including platelets. The ability of eltrombopag to stimulate hematopoietic stem cells in addition to megakaryocytes has been demonstrated in clinical studies, with tri-lineage hematologic responses (improvements in platelets, red blood cells, and white blood cells) observed in some patients. The NIH-sponsored studies by Desmond et al. and Townsley et al. provided key evidence for this indication.
- Chronic hepatitis C-associated thrombocytopenia: For adult patients with thrombocytopenia due to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection where the degree of thrombocytopenia is the main factor preventing the initiation or limiting the ability to maintain optimal interferon-based antiviral therapy. In the ENABLE studies, eltrombopag allowed patients to commence and maintain antiviral treatment who otherwise could not have done so due to dangerously low platelet counts.
It is important to understand that eltrombopag does not cure any of these conditions. It manages thrombocytopenia by increasing platelet production for as long as the medication is taken. When treatment is discontinued, platelet counts typically return to pre-treatment levels. However, some patients with ITP have achieved sustained off-treatment platelet responses, suggesting that eltrombopag may have immunomodulatory effects beyond simple platelet stimulation.
While platelet transfusions provide an immediate but temporary increase in platelet counts (lasting only a few days), eltrombopag stimulates the body’s own bone marrow to produce new platelets. This approach is more sustainable for chronic conditions, avoids the risks associated with repeated transfusions (including alloimmunization, transfusion reactions, and infection), and gives patients greater independence. However, platelet transfusions remain essential for acute bleeding emergencies.
What Should You Know Before Taking Eltrombopag Bioglan?
Contraindications
Eltrombopag Bioglan must not be used in certain situations. Understanding these contraindications is essential for safe treatment.
- Hypersensitivity: Do not take eltrombopag if you are allergic to eltrombopag olamine or any of the other ingredients in the tablets, including mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone, sodium starch glycolate, or magnesium stearate.
- Severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh score ≥7) in hepatitis C patients: Patients with chronic hepatitis C and moderate to severe liver impairment should not receive eltrombopag, as the risk of hepatic decompensation is significantly increased.
Warnings and Precautions
Eltrombopag can cause serious liver injury, including elevated transaminases (ALT, AST), elevated bilirubin, and, in rare cases, severe drug-induced liver injury. Liver function tests must be performed before starting treatment, every 2 weeks during dose adjustment, and monthly once a stable dose is established. If liver enzyme levels rise to ≥3 times the upper limit of normal and are progressive, persistent, or accompanied by increased direct bilirubin or clinical symptoms of liver injury, treatment must be interrupted and may need to be permanently discontinued.
Before and during treatment with eltrombopag, inform your doctor about all of the following:
- Thromboembolism risk: Eltrombopag raises platelet counts, which may increase the risk of blood clots (thromboembolism), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism (PE), stroke, and heart attack, particularly if platelet counts rise above normal levels. Patients with known risk factors for thrombosis (such as Factor V Leiden mutation, antiphospholipid syndrome, advanced age, prolonged immobilization, obesity, or use of oral contraceptives) require careful monitoring. The goal of treatment is to maintain platelet counts at a level that prevents bleeding, not to normalize them.
- Bone marrow reticulin: Long-term use of eltrombopag may lead to increased reticulin fiber deposition in the bone marrow. Reticulin fibers are a type of connective tissue that can accumulate over time and, in rare cases, progress to bone marrow fibrosis (myelofibrosis). Before starting treatment, a peripheral blood smear should be established as a baseline. If abnormal cells or tear-drop shaped red blood cells (dacrocytes) are detected during treatment, eltrombopag should be discontinued and a bone marrow biopsy considered.
- Cataracts: In clinical studies, cataracts (clouding of the lens of the eye) developed or worsened in some patients taking eltrombopag, particularly children. Regular eye examinations are recommended before and during treatment.
- Rebound thrombocytopenia: If eltrombopag is discontinued, platelet counts may fall below pre-treatment levels within 1–2 weeks, increasing the risk of bleeding. Patients should be monitored closely for at least 4 weeks after stopping treatment. Dose tapering (rather than abrupt cessation) may help mitigate this rebound effect.
- Bone marrow malignancies: TPO receptor agonists, including eltrombopag, stimulate the TPO receptor on hematopoietic stem cells. There is a theoretical concern that these drugs could promote the growth of pre-existing bone marrow cancers such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Eltrombopag should not be used to treat thrombocytopenia due to MDS or other myeloid malignancies.
- East Asian ancestry: Patients of East Asian descent (including Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and Taiwanese patients) have higher eltrombopag exposure at the same dose, likely due to pharmacogenomic differences in drug metabolism. A reduced starting dose of 25 mg once daily (instead of 50 mg) is recommended for these patients with ITP.
- Kidney impairment: Patients with renal impairment should be treated with caution, and platelet counts monitored closely.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
There are limited data on the use of eltrombopag in pregnant women. Animal studies have shown reproductive toxicity, including embryo-fetal lethality and reduced fetal body weight at maternally toxic doses. Eltrombopag should not be used during pregnancy unless the potential benefit clearly justifies the potential risk to the fetus. Women of childbearing potential should use effective contraception during treatment.
It is not known whether eltrombopag or its metabolites are excreted in human breast milk. Studies in lactating rats have shown that eltrombopag is present in milk. A risk to the breastfed infant cannot be excluded. The decision to either discontinue breastfeeding or discontinue eltrombopag should be made, taking into account the benefit of breastfeeding for the child and the benefit of therapy for the mother.
Driving and Operating Machinery
Eltrombopag may cause dizziness or fatigue, which could affect your ability to drive or operate machinery. If you experience these symptoms, avoid driving and using machines until the symptoms resolve. Consider your individual response to eltrombopag before engaging in activities that require mental alertness or coordination.
How Does Eltrombopag Bioglan Interact with Other Drugs?
Drug interactions with eltrombopag fall into two main categories: chelation interactions that reduce its absorption and pharmacokinetic interactions related to its effects on drug transporters. Understanding these interactions is critical for ensuring effective therapy and avoiding adverse effects.
Major Interactions
| Interacting Drug | Effect | Clinical Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Antacids (aluminum, calcium, magnesium) | Chelation reduces eltrombopag absorption by up to 70% | Take eltrombopag at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after antacids |
| Iron supplements (oral) | Chelation reduces eltrombopag absorption significantly | Take eltrombopag at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after iron |
| Calcium-rich foods (dairy, fortified juices) | Chelation reduces absorption; calcium in dairy binds eltrombopag | Take on empty stomach; no dairy within 2 hours before or 4 hours after |
| Rosuvastatin | Eltrombopag inhibits OATP1B1/BCRP, increasing rosuvastatin levels ~55% | Consider rosuvastatin dose reduction; monitor for muscle symptoms |
| Cyclosporine | Eltrombopag may decrease cyclosporine concentrations via BCRP inhibition | Monitor cyclosporine levels; dose adjustment may be needed (especially in SAA) |
Minor Interactions
| Interacting Drug | Effect | Clinical Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Other OATP1B1 substrates (methotrexate, repaglinide) | Possible increased plasma levels of these drugs | Use with caution; monitor for increased effects or toxicity |
| CYP1A2 substrates (theophylline, fluvoxamine) | Eltrombopag is metabolized by CYP1A2; strong inhibitors may increase eltrombopag levels | Monitor platelet counts closely when starting or stopping CYP1A2 inhibitors |
| Anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents | Theoretical interaction; increased platelet counts may affect anticoagulant efficacy | Monitor INR/coagulation parameters; adjust anticoagulant doses as needed |
| Lopinavir/ritonavir | UGT1A1 and OATP1B1 inhibition may modestly increase eltrombopag levels | Monitor platelet counts; adjust eltrombopag dose if necessary |
The chelation interaction between eltrombopag and polyvalent cations (calcium, aluminum, magnesium, iron, zinc, selenium) is one of the most important practical considerations of this medication. Patients should take eltrombopag at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after consuming any foods, beverages, or medications containing these minerals. A common practical approach is to take eltrombopag at bedtime, ensuring the last meal was at least 2 hours earlier.
What Is the Correct Dosage of Eltrombopag Bioglan?
Eltrombopag dosing is highly individualized. The dose is adjusted based on platelet count response, with the goal of maintaining platelet counts at a level that prevents bleeding (typically ≥50 × 10⁹/L) without exceeding normal levels. Dose adjustments should be made no more frequently than every 2 weeks, as it takes time for the bone marrow to respond to dose changes.
Adults with Chronic ITP
Standard Dosing for Adult ITP
Starting dose: 50 mg once daily orally
Starting dose (East Asian descent): 25 mg once daily
Dose adjustments: Increase by 25 mg every 2 weeks if platelet count remains below 50 × 10⁹/L
Maximum dose: 75 mg once daily
Target platelet count: ≥50 × 10⁹/L (do not aim for normal levels)
Dose reduction: Reduce by 25 mg if platelet count is 200–400 × 10⁹/L; stop if >400 × 10⁹/L and resume at reduced dose once <150 × 10⁹/L
Children with Chronic ITP (Age 1–17 Years)
Pediatric ITP Dosing
Age 1–5 years: Starting dose 25 mg once daily
Age 6–17 years: Starting dose 50 mg once daily (25 mg for East Asian descent)
Maximum dose: 75 mg once daily
Dose adjustments: Same principles as adults – adjust every 2 weeks based on platelet response
Severe Aplastic Anemia
Dosing for Severe Aplastic Anemia
Starting dose: 25 mg once daily for the first 2 weeks
Week 3–6: Increase to 50 mg once daily if tolerated
After week 6: May increase to 75 mg once daily if platelet count remains below target
Maximum dose: 150 mg once daily
East Asian descent: Same starting dose of 25 mg, but slower dose titration recommended
Treatment response in aplastic anemia may take longer to establish than in ITP. Hematologic response should be assessed after at least 16 weeks of treatment before concluding that treatment has failed.
Hepatitis C-Associated Thrombocytopenia
Dosing for Hepatitis C-Associated Thrombocytopenia
Starting dose: 25 mg once daily
Dose adjustments: Increase by 25 mg every 2 weeks as needed to achieve the target platelet count required to initiate antiviral therapy
Maximum dose: 100 mg once daily
Goal: Achieve and maintain the minimum platelet count needed to initiate and maintain interferon-based antiviral therapy
Missed Dose
If you miss a dose of eltrombopag, take it as soon as you remember on the same day, following the empty-stomach requirement. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. If it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Notify your doctor if you miss multiple doses, as this may affect your platelet count.
Overdose
If you suspect an overdose of eltrombopag, seek medical attention immediately. Overdose may lead to excessively elevated platelet counts (thrombocytosis), which increases the risk of thromboembolic complications such as blood clots. There is no specific antidote for eltrombopag. Treatment is supportive and based on symptoms. Due to eltrombopag’s high protein binding, hemodialysis is not expected to be effective in removing the drug from the bloodstream. In clinical studies, single doses up to 200 mg were generally well tolerated in healthy volunteers, but close monitoring of platelet counts and liver function is essential following any suspected overdose.
Take eltrombopag once daily on an empty stomach, ideally at the same time each day. A practical approach is to take it at bedtime, at least 2 hours after your last meal. This simplifies the timing requirements and helps ensure consistent absorption. Swallow the tablet whole with water – do not crush, chew, or break it. Do not take it with dairy products, calcium-fortified beverages, or mineral supplements.
What Are the Side Effects of Eltrombopag Bioglan?
Like all medicines, eltrombopag can cause side effects, although not everyone experiences them. The side effect profile differs somewhat depending on the underlying condition being treated (ITP, aplastic anemia, or hepatitis C-associated thrombocytopenia). Your doctor will monitor you regularly to detect and manage side effects promptly. The following information summarizes the most commonly observed adverse reactions.
Side Effects in Chronic Immune Thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Very Common
May affect more than 1 in 10 people
- Headache
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Upper respiratory tract infection (cold, sore throat)
- Abnormal liver function tests (elevated ALT, AST)
Common
May affect up to 1 in 10 people
- Fatigue
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Muscle pain (myalgia)
- Joint pain (arthralgia)
- Back pain
- Insomnia
- Cough
- Oropharyngeal pain (sore throat)
- Rash
- Hair loss (alopecia)
- Elevated bilirubin
- Decreased appetite
- Paresthesia (numbness or tingling)
- Dry eye
- Urinary tract infection
- Thromboembolism (blood clots)
Uncommon
May affect up to 1 in 100 people
- Cataracts (lens opacities)
- Retinal hemorrhage
- Increased bone marrow reticulin (early fibrosis changes)
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- Pulmonary embolism (PE)
- Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
- Hepatotoxicity (drug-induced liver injury)
- Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes)
- Skin discoloration (hyperpigmentation)
Rare
May affect up to 1 in 1,000 people
- Severe hepatotoxicity (liver failure)
- Bone marrow fibrosis (myelofibrosis)
- Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)
- Renal impairment secondary to thromboembolism
Additional Side Effects in Severe Aplastic Anemia
Patients with severe aplastic anemia may experience additional or more frequent side effects compared with ITP patients, partly because of the underlying bone marrow failure and concurrent immunosuppressive therapy:
Very Common (Aplastic Anemia)
May affect more than 1 in 10 people
- Elevated transaminases (ALT, AST)
- Cough
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Abdominal pain
- Fatigue
- Febrile neutropenia
- Pyrexia (fever)
- Nausea
- Arthralgia (joint pain)
- Oropharyngeal pain
- Dizziness
Common (Aplastic Anemia)
May affect up to 1 in 10 people
- Insomnia
- Musculoskeletal pain
- Skin rash
- Hyperbilirubinemia
- Ecchymosis (bruising)
- Cytogenetic abnormalities (chromosomal changes in bone marrow)
- Iron overload
Long-term use of eltrombopag can lead to increased reticulin fiber deposition in the bone marrow. Your doctor should establish a baseline peripheral blood smear before starting treatment and examine blood smears periodically during treatment. If abnormal cells, including tear-drop-shaped red blood cells (dacrocytes) or nucleated red blood cells, are found, your doctor may recommend discontinuing eltrombopag and performing a bone marrow biopsy to assess for fibrosis.
If you experience any side effects, including those not listed here, tell your doctor or pharmacist. You can also report suspected side effects to your national pharmacovigilance authority (e.g., the EMA in Europe, the FDA MedWatch program in the United States, or the MHRA Yellow Card Scheme in the United Kingdom).
How Should You Store Eltrombopag Bioglan?
Proper storage ensures that eltrombopag tablets maintain their potency and safety throughout their shelf life. Follow these storage guidelines:
- Temperature: Store at room temperature, not above 30°C (86°F). Do not refrigerate or freeze.
- Packaging: Keep the tablets in their original blister packaging or bottle until ready to take. This protects them from moisture and light exposure.
- Light protection: Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or strong artificial light.
- Children: Keep out of the sight and reach of children.
- Expiry date: Do not use after the expiry date stated on the carton and blister after “EXP.” The expiry date refers to the last day of that month.
- Disposal: Do not throw away unused tablets via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist about how to safely dispose of medicines you no longer use. This helps protect the environment.
If you notice any change in the appearance of your tablets (such as discoloration, crumbling, or unusual odor), do not take them and consult your pharmacist for a replacement.
What Does Eltrombopag Bioglan Contain?
Active Substance
The active substance is eltrombopag, present as eltrombopag olamine. Each film-coated tablet contains 25 mg of eltrombopag. Eltrombopag olamine is a small-molecule, non-peptide compound with the molecular formula C25H22N4O4 (free acid form). It acts as an agonist at the thrombopoietin (TPO) receptor, stimulating megakaryocyte proliferation and differentiation to increase platelet production.
Inactive Ingredients (Excipients)
Tablet core:
- Mannitol (E421)
- Microcrystalline cellulose (E460)
- Povidone (K30)
- Sodium starch glycolate (Type A)
- Magnesium stearate (E572)
Film coating:
- Hypromellose (E464)
- Titanium dioxide (E171)
- Macrogol 400
- Polysorbate 80 (E433)
- Iron oxide yellow (E172) – may be present depending on tablet strength
Appearance
Eltrombopag Bioglan 25 mg film-coated tablets are round, biconvex tablets. They are supplied in blister packs or bottles. Each pack contains a specific number of tablets as indicated on the packaging.
Marketing Authorization
Eltrombopag Bioglan is a generic medicinal product manufactured by Bioglan AB. The originator product is Revolade (marketed by Novartis in Europe and many countries worldwide) and Promacta (marketed by Novartis in the United States). Generic versions must meet the same stringent regulatory standards for quality, safety, and bioequivalence as the originator product.
Frequently Asked Questions About Eltrombopag Bioglan
Eltrombopag Bioglan is used to treat low platelet counts (thrombocytopenia) in three main conditions: chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) in adults and children aged 1 year and older who have not responded to other treatments, severe aplastic anemia in adults who have had an insufficient response to immunosuppressive therapy, and thrombocytopenia associated with chronic hepatitis C virus infection where low platelet counts prevent proper antiviral treatment.
Most patients see an increase in platelet counts within 1 to 2 weeks of starting eltrombopag. However, finding the right dose for each patient may take several weeks of adjustments, as dose changes should not be made more frequently than every 2 weeks. In severe aplastic anemia, meaningful hematologic responses may take longer – at least 16 weeks of treatment is recommended before concluding that treatment has failed.
Eltrombopag forms insoluble chemical complexes (chelates) with polyvalent metal ions such as calcium, which is abundant in dairy products. When eltrombopag binds to calcium, it cannot be absorbed through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream. Studies have shown that taking eltrombopag with dairy can reduce absorption by up to 59–70%. The same applies to antacids (aluminum, calcium, magnesium), iron supplements, and mineral-fortified foods. To ensure proper absorption, take eltrombopag on an empty stomach at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after any of these products.
Stopping eltrombopag suddenly can cause rebound thrombocytopenia, where platelet counts drop below the levels they were at before treatment started. This typically occurs within 1 to 2 weeks after discontinuation and increases the risk of bleeding. For this reason, your doctor will usually recommend gradual dose reduction (tapering) rather than abrupt discontinuation, and will monitor your platelet counts closely for at least 4 weeks after stopping treatment. Never stop taking eltrombopag without consulting your doctor first.
Eltrombopag Bioglan is a generic version of eltrombopag, containing the same active ingredient as Revolade (used in Europe and most countries) and Promacta (used in the United States). All three products contain eltrombopag olamine and work by the same mechanism. Generic medicines must demonstrate bioequivalence to the originator product, meaning they deliver the same amount of active substance to the body at the same rate. The inactive ingredients (excipients) may differ between brands, but this does not affect clinical effectiveness.
Yes, because eltrombopag increases platelet counts, there is an elevated risk of thromboembolic events (blood clots), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolism, stroke, and heart attack. This risk is greater when platelet counts rise above normal levels. Your doctor will aim to maintain your platelet count at the lowest level needed to prevent bleeding, not to normalize it. If you have additional risk factors for blood clots (such as obesity, immobility, hormonal contraceptive use, or a personal/family history of thrombosis), discuss these with your doctor before starting treatment.
References
- European Medicines Agency (EMA). Revolade (eltrombopag) – Summary of Product Characteristics. Last updated 2025. Available from: EMA EPAR.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Promacta (eltrombopag) Prescribing Information. Revised 2024. Available from: FDA Drug Label.
- Cheng G, Saleh MN, Marcher C, et al. Eltrombopag for management of chronic immune thrombocytopenia (RAISE): a 6-month, randomised, phase 3 study. Lancet. 2011;377(9763):393–402. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60959-2.
- Grainger JD, Locatelli F, Chotsampancharoen T, et al. Eltrombopag for children with chronic immune thrombocytopenia (PETIT2): a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;386(10004):1649–1658. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00239-1.
- Townsley DM, Scheinberg P, Winkler T, et al. Eltrombopag Added to Standard Immunosuppression for Aplastic Anemia. N Engl J Med. 2017;376(16):1540–1550. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1613878.
- Afdhal NH, Giannini EG, Vaez-Zadeh N, et al. Eltrombopag before procedures in patients with cirrhosis and thrombocytopenia (ELEVATE). N Engl J Med. 2012;367(8):716–724. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1110709.
- Neunert C, Terrell DR, Arnold DM, et al. American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia. Blood Adv. 2019;3(23):3829–3866. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000966.
- Provan D, Arnold DM, Bussel JB, et al. Updated international consensus report on the investigation and management of primary immune thrombocytopenia. Blood Adv. 2019;3(22):3780–3817. doi:10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000812.
- World Health Organization (WHO). WHO Model List of Essential Medicines – 23rd List. Geneva: WHO; 2023.
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Eltrombopag for treating chronic immune (idiopathic) thrombocytopenic purpura. Technology appraisal guidance [TA293]. Updated 2023.
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This article was written and reviewed by the iMedic Medical Editorial Team, comprising licensed specialist physicians with expertise in hematology, internal medicine, and clinical pharmacology.
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