CONBRIZA (Bazedoxifene): Uses, Dosage & Side Effects
A selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women at increased risk of fractures
CONBRIZA (bazedoxifene) is a prescription medication belonging to the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) class of drugs. It is approved for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women at increased risk of fractures. Bazedoxifene works by mimicking estrogen's beneficial effects on bone while blocking its potentially harmful effects on breast and uterine tissue. Approved in the European Union and available in many countries worldwide, CONBRIZA provides a non-hormonal alternative for osteoporosis management in women who have reached menopause.
Quick Facts: CONBRIZA
Key Takeaways
- CONBRIZA (bazedoxifene) is a non-hormonal SERM approved for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women at increased risk of fractures, offering an alternative to bisphosphonates and hormone replacement therapy.
- Take one 20 mg tablet daily with adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation; the medication can be taken at any time of day with or without food.
- The most significant risk is venous thromboembolism (deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism); stop treatment at least 3 days before planned surgery or prolonged immobilization and discuss personal VTE risk factors with your doctor.
- CONBRIZA is exclusively for postmenopausal women and must not be used during pregnancy, breastfeeding, or by premenopausal women, as it has only been studied in postmenopausal populations.
- Clinical trials have demonstrated that bazedoxifene significantly reduces the risk of new vertebral fractures compared to placebo in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.
What Is CONBRIZA and What Is It Used For?
CONBRIZA contains the active substance bazedoxifene and belongs to a group of non-hormonal medicines called selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). These medications are designed to interact with estrogen receptors in a tissue-selective manner, meaning they can mimic estrogen's beneficial effects in some tissues (such as bone) while blocking potentially harmful estrogenic effects in other tissues (such as the breast and uterus). This selective action makes SERMs a unique and valuable class of medications in the management of postmenopausal health conditions.
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture, leading to increased bone fragility and a higher risk of fractures. Following menopause, the dramatic decline in estrogen production accelerates bone loss, as estrogen normally plays a critical role in maintaining bone density by suppressing osteoclast (bone-resorbing cell) activity. The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) estimates that approximately one in three women over the age of 50 will experience an osteoporotic fracture in their remaining lifetime, with vertebral fractures being among the most common.
Bazedoxifene was developed as a third-generation SERM with an improved tissue selectivity profile compared to earlier SERMs such as raloxifene and tamoxifen. By binding to estrogen receptors in bone tissue, bazedoxifene reduces osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and decreases bone turnover markers, resulting in increased bone mineral density (BMD) at the lumbar spine, hip, and femoral neck. The pivotal clinical trial programme for bazedoxifene, which included over 7,000 postmenopausal women followed for up to 7 years, demonstrated statistically significant reductions in the risk of new vertebral fractures compared to placebo.
CONBRIZA was approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in 2009 and is available by prescription in the European Union and numerous other countries. In the United States, bazedoxifene is available in combination with conjugated estrogens (marketed as Duavee/Duavive) for the treatment of menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis prevention, rather than as a stand-alone product. As a stand-alone medication, CONBRIZA is specifically indicated for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in women at increased risk of fractures. It is not indicated for the treatment of osteoporosis in men.
CONBRIZA should be used as part of a comprehensive osteoporosis management strategy that includes adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, regular weight-bearing exercise, fall prevention measures, and lifestyle modifications such as smoking cessation and limited alcohol consumption. Your healthcare provider will determine whether CONBRIZA is the most appropriate treatment option based on your individual risk profile, bone density measurements, fracture history, and other relevant clinical factors.
What Should You Know Before Taking CONBRIZA?
Contraindications
There are several situations in which CONBRIZA must not be used. Understanding these contraindications is essential for your safety. You should not take CONBRIZA in any of the following circumstances:
- Allergy to bazedoxifene: If you are allergic (hypersensitive) to bazedoxifene or any of the other ingredients in the tablet (including lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinised maize starch, sodium starch glycolate, sodium laurilsulfate, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium stearate, ascorbic acid, hypromellose, titanium dioxide, or macrogol 400).
- History of venous thromboembolism (VTE): If you have or have ever had a blood clot in the veins of your legs (deep vein thrombosis), in your lungs (pulmonary embolism), or in the blood vessels of your eyes (retinal vein thrombosis).
- Pregnancy or possibility of pregnancy: CONBRIZA may cause harm to the developing foetus if taken during pregnancy. Women who are pregnant or who could potentially become pregnant must not take this medication.
- Unexplained vaginal bleeding: Any unexplained vaginal bleeding must be investigated by a healthcare provider before starting CONBRIZA, as it may indicate an underlying condition that requires evaluation and treatment.
- Active or suspected uterine cancer: CONBRIZA should not be used in women who have been diagnosed with endometrial cancer or in whom endometrial cancer is suspected.
Warnings and Precautions
CONBRIZA may increase your risk of developing blood clots (venous thromboembolism). Although blood clots are uncommon, they can cause serious health problems, disability, or death. Discuss your personal risk factors for blood clots with your doctor before starting treatment. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience painful swelling or redness in your legs, sudden chest pain, or difficulty breathing.
Before starting and during treatment with CONBRIZA, you should discuss the following precautions with your healthcare provider:
- Venous thromboembolism risk: CONBRIZA, like other SERMs, may increase the risk of blood clots forming in the deep veins (deep vein thrombosis) or travelling to the lungs (pulmonary embolism). Your doctor will assess your individual risk factors for VTE before prescribing this medication. Risk factors include personal or family history of VTE, obesity, prolonged immobilization, major surgery, and certain blood clotting disorders.
- Prolonged immobility: If you are unable to move for an extended period — for example, if you are confined to a wheelchair, must remain seated for long periods, or are bedridden during recovery from surgery or illness — the risk of blood clots is increased. During long journeys, stand up and move around regularly, or exercise your legs and feet while seated. If you are facing planned surgery or a period of prolonged immobilization, inform your doctor, as it may be necessary to stop CONBRIZA at least 3 days beforehand.
- Premenopausal women: CONBRIZA has been studied only in postmenopausal women and is therefore not recommended for women who have not yet reached menopause.
- Elevated triglycerides: If you have a history of high triglyceride levels (a type of fat found in the blood), tell your doctor, as CONBRIZA may increase triglyceride levels in some patients.
- Liver or kidney problems: If you have impaired liver function or severe kidney problems, your doctor will need to evaluate whether CONBRIZA is appropriate for you and may require additional monitoring.
- Vaginal bleeding during treatment: If you experience any vaginal bleeding while taking CONBRIZA, contact your healthcare provider promptly for evaluation.
- Breast cancer: There is insufficient clinical experience with the use of CONBRIZA in women with breast cancer. If you have a personal history of breast cancer, discuss this with your doctor before starting treatment.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
CONBRIZA is intended exclusively for use in postmenopausal women. It must not be taken by women who are pregnant or who could become pregnant, as bazedoxifene may cause harm to the developing foetus. Animal reproductive studies have shown adverse developmental effects. If you become pregnant while taking CONBRIZA, stop the medication immediately and consult your healthcare provider.
CONBRIZA should not be used during breastfeeding. It is not known whether bazedoxifene passes into breast milk, and a risk to the nursing infant cannot be excluded. Since this medication is intended for postmenopausal women, breastfeeding is not expected to be a practical concern for the target population.
Driving and Operating Machinery
CONBRIZA may cause drowsiness in some patients. If you feel drowsy after taking this medication, you should not drive or operate machinery until the effect has resolved. Additionally, some patients may experience visual disturbances such as blurred vision while taking CONBRIZA. If this occurs, avoid driving or using machines until your doctor advises that it is safe to do so.
CONBRIZA tablets contain lactose (a type of sugar). If you have been told by your doctor that you have an intolerance to some sugars, contact your doctor before taking this medicine. This medicine contains less than 1 mmol sodium (23 mg) per tablet, meaning it is essentially sodium-free.
How Does CONBRIZA Interact with Other Drugs?
Drug interactions can alter the way a medication works, potentially reducing its effectiveness or increasing the risk of side effects. While bazedoxifene has a relatively favorable interaction profile compared to some other osteoporosis medications, several clinically significant interactions should be noted. Always provide your healthcare provider with a complete list of all medications, supplements, and herbal products you are currently using.
Clinically Significant Interactions
| Interacting Drug | Type | Effect | Clinical Advice |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cholestyramine | Pharmacokinetic | Significantly reduces absorption and blood levels of bazedoxifene by binding it in the gastrointestinal tract | Avoid concomitant use or separate administration by at least 4 hours; consult your doctor |
| Estrogen-containing products | Pharmacodynamic | May alter the tissue-selective effects of bazedoxifene; concurrent use has not been adequately studied as stand-alone therapy | Do not combine CONBRIZA with estrogen-only products without medical supervision |
| Other SERMs (raloxifene, tamoxifen) | Pharmacodynamic | Concomitant use has not been studied; potential for unpredictable estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects | Do not use CONBRIZA together with other SERMs |
| UGT enzyme inhibitors | Pharmacokinetic | Bazedoxifene is metabolized primarily via UGT enzymes in the intestine and liver; potent UGT inhibitors may increase bazedoxifene exposure | Inform your doctor if you are taking medications known to inhibit glucuronidation |
Additional Considerations
In pharmacokinetic studies, bazedoxifene did not demonstrate clinically meaningful interactions with many commonly used medications. Specifically, no significant interactions were observed with ibuprofen, atorvastatin, azithromycin, or aluminium/magnesium hydroxide antacids. Additionally, bazedoxifene does not appear to significantly affect cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, which are responsible for the metabolism of a wide range of medications, suggesting a low potential for interactions mediated through this pathway.
However, since bazedoxifene undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism primarily through UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) pathways, drugs that significantly affect UGT activity could theoretically alter bazedoxifene levels. Bazedoxifene also undergoes enterohepatic recirculation, which means it is partially reabsorbed from the intestine after biliary excretion. Any drug that disrupts this enterohepatic cycling (such as bile acid sequestrants like cholestyramine) can significantly reduce the drug's bioavailability and effectiveness.
If you are taking warfarin or other anticoagulants, inform your doctor. While no formal interaction study has been conducted between bazedoxifene and warfarin, the combination requires monitoring since both drugs may independently affect coagulation parameters. If you are scheduled for surgery, remind your healthcare team that you are taking CONBRIZA, as this information is important for perioperative management.
What Is the Correct Dosage of CONBRIZA?
Always take CONBRIZA exactly as your doctor or pharmacist has instructed. If you are uncertain about any aspect of your dosing regimen, consult your healthcare provider for clarification. Adherence to the prescribed dosing schedule is essential for the medication to be effective in preventing bone loss and reducing fracture risk.
Postmenopausal Women (Adults)
Standard Dosing
The recommended dose is one 20 mg film-coated tablet taken once daily. The tablet should be swallowed whole with water and can be taken at any time of day, with or without food. There is no advantage to taking more than one tablet per day; exceeding the recommended dose does not provide additional benefit and may increase the risk of adverse effects.
CONBRIZA treatment must be accompanied by adequate intake of calcium and vitamin D. Your healthcare provider will assess whether your current dietary intake provides sufficient calcium and vitamin D or whether supplementation is necessary. Most postmenopausal women require calcium supplementation of 1,000–1,200 mg per day and vitamin D supplementation of 800–2,000 IU per day, depending on their baseline levels and dietary intake. Calcium and vitamin D supplements can be taken at the same time as CONBRIZA.
| Patient Group | Dose | Frequency | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Postmenopausal women | 20 mg | Once daily | Take with calcium and vitamin D; with or without food |
| Elderly patients | 20 mg | Once daily | No dose adjustment required based on age alone |
| Hepatic impairment (mild) | 20 mg | Once daily | Use with caution; monitor liver function |
| Renal impairment | 20 mg | Once daily | Caution in severe renal impairment; limited data available |
| Premenopausal women | N/A | N/A | Not indicated; only studied in postmenopausal women |
| Men | N/A | N/A | Not indicated for male osteoporosis |
| Children and adolescents | N/A | N/A | No relevant use in paediatric population |
Missed Dose
If you forget to take a tablet at your usual time, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is nearly time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and take the next dose at the regular time. Do not take a double dose to make up for a forgotten tablet. Taking two tablets in one day does not provide additional benefit and may increase the risk of side effects.
Overdose
If you accidentally take more CONBRIZA tablets than prescribed, contact your doctor or pharmacist immediately. In clinical studies, single doses of up to 120 mg were administered to healthy postmenopausal volunteers without serious adverse effects. However, overdose should still be taken seriously. There is no specific antidote for bazedoxifene overdose. Treatment is supportive and symptomatic. In the event of an overdose, general supportive measures should be employed, including monitoring of vital signs and close clinical observation.
Stopping Treatment
If you decide to stop taking CONBRIZA before the end of your prescribed treatment period, you should first speak with your doctor. Discontinuing osteoporosis treatment without medical advice may lead to a resumption of bone loss and an increased risk of fractures. Your doctor may recommend an alternative treatment to maintain your bone health. There is no known withdrawal syndrome associated with stopping bazedoxifene, but the protective effects on bone will gradually diminish after discontinuation.
What Are the Side Effects of CONBRIZA?
Like all medicines, CONBRIZA can cause side effects, although not everyone experiences them. The side effects described below are based on data from clinical trials involving thousands of postmenopausal women and from post-marketing surveillance. Understanding the frequency and nature of potential side effects can help you recognize them early and seek appropriate medical advice when necessary.
If you develop signs of a blood clot in your legs (painful swelling or redness), lungs (sudden chest pain or difficulty breathing), or eyes (sudden vision changes or loss of vision in one eye), stop taking CONBRIZA immediately and seek emergency medical care. Also seek immediate medical attention if you experience any of the other conditions listed under contraindications.
Very Common
May affect more than 1 in 10 patients
- Muscle cramps, including leg cramps
- Hot flushes (vasomotor symptoms)
- Peripheral oedema (swelling of hands, feet, and legs)
Common
May affect up to 1 in 10 patients
- Allergic reactions, including hypersensitivity and urticaria (hives)
- Skin rash and itching (pruritus)
- Dry mouth
- Increased blood triglyceride levels
- Elevated liver enzyme levels
- Drowsiness (somnolence)
Uncommon
May affect up to 1 in 100 patients
- Deep vein thrombosis (blood clot in the leg veins)
- Pulmonary embolism (blood clot in the lungs)
- Retinal vein thrombosis (blood clot in the eye, causing visual disturbance, reduced vision, blurred vision, or vision loss on one side)
Not Known
Frequency cannot be estimated from available data
- Palpitations (awareness of heartbeat)
- Dry eyes, eye pain, decreased visual acuity, reduced vision
- Blepharospasm (abnormal involuntary blinking or eyelid spasms)
- Other visual disturbances such as seeing sparks or flashes of light, narrowing of the visual field
- Swelling of the eye or eyelid
Understanding Side Effect Frequency
It is important to put these side effects into perspective. The very common side effects (muscle cramps, hot flushes, and peripheral oedema) are generally mild to moderate in severity and are the same side effects commonly seen with other SERMs. Hot flushes occur because SERMs can partially mimic estrogen withdrawal effects on the thermoregulatory centre in the brain. Muscle cramps are thought to be related to the medication's effects on calcium and electrolyte balance. Peripheral oedema (swelling) is typically mild and does not usually require treatment discontinuation.
The most clinically significant adverse effect is the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), which is classified as uncommon. This risk is comparable to that seen with other SERMs such as raloxifene. In the pivotal Phase 3 clinical trials, the incidence of VTE with bazedoxifene 20 mg was approximately 0.5% over 3 years. While this represents a small absolute risk, VTE can be a life-threatening condition, which is why careful patient selection and awareness of risk factors is so important.
The eye-related side effects (reported at an unknown frequency from post-marketing surveillance) deserve particular attention. If you experience any changes in your vision, including blurred vision, flashes of light, narrowing of the visual field, or eye pain, consult your doctor promptly. In rare cases, retinal vein occlusion can lead to permanent visual impairment if not treated in a timely manner.
If any of the side effects become bothersome, persist, or if you notice effects not listed here, tell your doctor or pharmacist. You can also report side effects directly through your national adverse drug reaction reporting system, which helps to provide more information on the safety of this medicine.
How Should You Store CONBRIZA?
Proper storage of medication is essential to maintain its effectiveness and safety. CONBRIZA should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 25°C (77°F). Keep the tablets in the original blister packaging to protect them from moisture and light. There are no special requirements for refrigeration or freezing.
Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children. Children may accidentally ingest tablets, and bazedoxifene is not intended for paediatric use. Store the medication in a secure location, preferably in a locked cabinet or other child-resistant storage area.
Do not use CONBRIZA after the expiry date stated on the carton and blister pack after "EXP". The expiry date refers to the last day of the stated month. Using expired medication may result in reduced efficacy or potential safety concerns, as the chemical stability of the active ingredient can no longer be guaranteed.
Do not dispose of unused or expired medication via household waste or down the drain. Ask your pharmacist for guidance on the proper disposal of medicines that are no longer needed. Appropriate disposal helps to protect the environment and prevents accidental exposure by others.
What Does CONBRIZA Contain?
Active Ingredient
The active substance is bazedoxifene. Each film-coated tablet contains bazedoxifene acetate equivalent to 20 mg of bazedoxifene. Bazedoxifene acetate is a white to off-white crystalline powder with the molecular formula C30H34N2O3·C2H4O2. It acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator, binding to estrogen receptors and exerting tissue-specific agonist or antagonist effects depending on the target organ.
Inactive Ingredients (Excipients)
The other ingredients in CONBRIZA tablets include:
- Tablet core: Lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, pregelatinised maize starch, sodium starch glycolate, sodium laurilsulfate, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium stearate, ascorbic acid
- Film coating: Hypromellose, titanium dioxide (E171), macrogol 400
Appearance and Pack Sizes
CONBRIZA tablets are white to off-white, capsule-shaped, film-coated tablets marked with "WY20" on one side. Each tablet is approximately 1.5 cm in length. The tablets are supplied in PVC/Aclar blister packs.
Available pack sizes include 7, 28, 30, 84, and 90 tablets. Not all pack sizes may be marketed in all countries. The most commonly prescribed pack size for a one-month supply is 28 or 30 tablets.
CONBRIZA is manufactured by Pfizer Ireland Pharmaceuticals Unlimited Company, Little Connell, Newbridge, County Kildare, Ireland. The marketing authorization is held by Pfizer Europe MA EEIG, Boulevard de la Plaine 17, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. For additional information about this medicine, contact the local representative of the marketing authorization holder in your country.
Frequently Asked Questions About CONBRIZA
CONBRIZA (bazedoxifene) is used to treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women who are at increased risk of fractures. It belongs to a class of medications called selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) that work by slowing or stopping bone thinning. It is not used for treating osteoporosis in men or in premenopausal women.
Take one 20 mg tablet by mouth once daily, with or without food. You can take it at any time of day, but try to take it at the same time each day for consistency. CONBRIZA should be taken together with adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Swallow the tablet whole with water. Do not take more than one tablet per day.
The most common side effects (affecting more than 1 in 10 patients) are muscle cramps (including leg cramps), hot flushes, and peripheral oedema (swelling of hands, feet, and legs). Common side effects (up to 1 in 10 patients) include allergic reactions, skin rash, itching, dry mouth, elevated triglycerides, increased liver enzymes, and drowsiness. A rare but serious side effect is blood clots (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism).
Yes, like other SERMs, CONBRIZA can increase the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. This side effect is classified as uncommon, affecting up to 1 in 100 patients. You should discuss your personal VTE risk factors with your doctor before starting treatment. If you experience signs of a blood clot — such as painful swelling in your legs, sudden chest pain, or difficulty breathing — seek emergency medical attention immediately. You should stop CONBRIZA at least 3 days before planned surgery or prolonged immobilization.
No, CONBRIZA has only been studied in postmenopausal women and is not recommended for premenopausal women. It must not be taken during pregnancy, as it may harm the developing baby. If you are premenopausal and have concerns about bone health, speak with your healthcare provider about alternative approaches to maintaining bone density.
CONBRIZA is one of several treatment options for postmenopausal osteoporosis. Other options include bisphosphonates (such as alendronate and zoledronic acid), denosumab, teriparatide, romosozumab, and hormone replacement therapy. Each class of medication has a different mechanism of action, efficacy profile, and side effect profile. SERMs like bazedoxifene are particularly suitable for women who cannot tolerate bisphosphonates or who prefer a non-hormonal oral tablet. Your doctor will recommend the best option based on your individual fracture risk, medical history, and preferences.
References
- European Medicines Agency (EMA). CONBRIZA — Summary of Product Characteristics. Available at: www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/conbriza. Last updated 2025.
- Silverman SL, Christiansen C, Genant HK, et al. Efficacy of bazedoxifene in reducing new vertebral fracture risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: results from a 3-year, randomized, placebo- and active-controlled clinical trial. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(12):1923–1934. doi:10.1359/jbmr.080710
- Kanis JA, Cooper C, Rizzoli R, Reginster JY; Scientific Advisory Board of the European Society for Clinical and Economic Aspects of Osteoporosis (ESCEO); Committees of Scientific Advisors and National Societies of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). European guidance for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 2019;30(1):3–44. doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4704-5
- World Health Organization. WHO Guidelines on Prevention and Management of Osteoporosis. Geneva: WHO; 2023.
- Miller PD, Chines AA, Christiansen C, et al. Effects of bazedoxifene on BMD and bone turnover in postmenopausal women: 2-yr results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-, and active-controlled study. J Bone Miner Res. 2008;23(4):525–535. doi:10.1359/jbmr.071206
- Palacios S, Silverman SL, de Villiers TJ, et al. A 7-year randomized, placebo-controlled trial assessing the long-term efficacy and safety of bazedoxifene in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Menopause. 2015;22(8):806–813. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000419
- National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). Bisphosphonates for treating osteoporosis. NICE Technology Appraisal Guidance [TA464]. Updated 2023.
- Eastell R, Rosen CJ, Black DM, et al. Pharmacological management of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019;104(5):1595–1622. doi:10.1210/jc.2019-00221
- International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF). Epidemiology of osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Available at: www.osteoporosis.foundation. Accessed December 2025.
- Archer DF, Pinkerton JV, Utian WH, et al. Bazedoxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator: effects on the endometrium, ovaries, and breast from a randomized controlled trial in osteoporotic postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2009;16(6):1109–1115. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e3181a818db
Editorial Team
This article was written and reviewed by the iMedic Medical Editorial Team, which includes licensed specialist physicians with expertise in endocrinology, clinical pharmacology, rheumatology, and internal medicine. Our editorial process follows the GRADE evidence framework, and all clinical claims are supported by Level 1A evidence from systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials where available.
Authored by clinical pharmacology specialists with expertise in bone metabolism and selective estrogen receptor modulators.
Independently reviewed by the iMedic Medical Review Board according to EMA, WHO, IOF, and Endocrine Society guidelines.
All information is based on peer-reviewed research, international guidelines, and regulatory-approved product information (EMA SmPC).
iMedic receives no commercial funding from pharmaceutical companies. All editorial decisions are made independently.