Bilastine Teva
Second-generation antihistamine for allergic rhinitis and urticaria
Quick Facts About Bilastine Teva
Key Takeaways About Bilastine Teva
- Non-sedating antihistamine: Bilastine does not significantly cross the blood-brain barrier at therapeutic doses, making it one of the least sedating antihistamines available
- Take on an empty stomach: Must be taken at least one hour before or two hours after food or fruit juice to ensure proper absorption
- Designed for children: The 10 mg orodispersible tablet is specifically formulated for children aged 6–11 years weighing at least 20 kg
- Once-daily dosing: A single tablet per day provides 24-hour symptom relief for both allergic rhinitis and urticaria
- Minimal drug interactions: Unlike many antihistamines, bilastine is not metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reducing the risk of hepatic drug interactions
What Is Bilastine Teva and What Is It Used For?
Bilastine Teva is a second-generation antihistamine containing bilastine 10 mg as an orodispersible tablet. It is used to treat allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (hay fever) and urticaria (hives) in children aged 6 to 11 years who weigh at least 20 kg. It works by selectively blocking histamine H1 receptors in the body.
Bilastine belongs to the class of second-generation antihistamines, sometimes referred to as non-sedating antihistamines. These medications were developed to provide effective relief from allergic symptoms while minimizing the drowsiness commonly associated with older, first-generation antihistamines such as diphenhydramine and chlorpheniramine. Bilastine was first approved in Europe in 2010 and has since been authorized in more than 100 countries worldwide for the treatment of allergic conditions.
The active substance, bilastine, works by competitively and selectively blocking peripheral histamine H1 receptors. Histamine is a chemical messenger released by mast cells and basophils during an allergic reaction. When an allergen such as pollen, dust mites, or animal dander enters the body of a sensitized individual, the immune system responds by releasing histamine, which then binds to H1 receptors on blood vessels, nerve endings, and mucous membranes. This binding triggers the characteristic symptoms of allergy: sneezing, runny nose, itchy and watery eyes, nasal congestion, and skin rashes.
By blocking the H1 receptors, bilastine prevents histamine from exerting its effects on target tissues. This results in rapid and sustained relief from the symptoms of both allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria. Clinical studies have demonstrated that bilastine has a rapid onset of action, with symptom relief beginning approximately one hour after oral administration, and its effects last for approximately 24 hours, allowing for convenient once-daily dosing.
Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis (Hay Fever)
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis is one of the most common allergic conditions worldwide, affecting an estimated 10–30% of the global population according to the World Health Organization. It is characterized by inflammation of the nasal mucosa and the conjunctiva of the eyes triggered by exposure to airborne allergens. Seasonal allergic rhinitis (hay fever) is caused by pollen from trees, grasses, and weeds, while perennial allergic rhinitis is triggered by year-round allergens such as house dust mites, mold spores, and animal dander.
Bilastine Teva provides effective relief from the nasal symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, including sneezing, rhinorrhea (runny nose), nasal pruritus (itching), and nasal congestion, as well as ocular symptoms such as itchy, red, and watery eyes. The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines recommend second-generation antihistamines as first-line treatment for mild to moderate allergic rhinitis, and bilastine meets all the criteria established by ARIA for an ideal antihistamine.
Urticaria (Hives)
Urticaria, commonly known as hives, is a condition characterized by the sudden appearance of itchy wheals (raised, red or skin-colored bumps) on the skin, often accompanied by angioedema (deeper swelling). Acute urticaria affects approximately 15–25% of people at some point in their lives, while chronic spontaneous urticaria (lasting more than six weeks) has a prevalence of approximately 0.5–1% in the general population.
The international urticaria guidelines jointly published by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA²LEN), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), and the World Allergy Organization (WAO) recommend second-generation H1-antihistamines as the first-line treatment for urticaria. Bilastine has been shown in randomized controlled trials to significantly reduce pruritus (itching), the number and size of wheals, and interference with daily activities and sleep in patients with urticaria.
The Orodispersible Tablet Formulation
The orodispersible tablet (ODT) formulation of Bilastine Teva is specifically designed for pediatric patients. Unlike conventional tablets that must be swallowed whole with water, an orodispersible tablet dissolves rapidly on the tongue, typically within seconds, and can be taken without water. This formulation is particularly advantageous for children who may have difficulty swallowing tablets. The tablet should be placed on the tongue, allowed to disperse, and then swallowed with saliva. It can also be dispersed in water before administration if preferred.
Bilastine Teva must be taken on an empty stomach — at least one hour before or two hours after eating food or drinking fruit juice. Food and fruit juice significantly reduce the bioavailability of bilastine, potentially reducing its therapeutic effect. Water does not affect absorption and may be used freely.
What Should You Know Before Taking Bilastine Teva?
Bilastine Teva should not be taken by anyone who is allergic to bilastine or any of the other ingredients. Special care should be taken in patients with moderate to severe kidney impairment and in those taking P-glycoprotein inhibitors. While bilastine is generally non-sedating, individual responses may vary.
Before starting treatment with Bilastine Teva, it is important to understand the situations in which this medication should not be used, as well as circumstances that require additional caution. Sharing your complete medical history and current medication list with your healthcare provider ensures that bilastine is both safe and appropriate for your child.
Contraindications
Bilastine Teva must not be used if:
- The patient is allergic (hypersensitive) to bilastine or any of the other ingredients in the formulation (listed in the composition section below)
There are no other absolute contraindications listed in the approved prescribing information. However, the 10 mg orodispersible tablet formulation should not be used in children under 6 years of age or in children weighing less than 20 kg, as the safety and efficacy have not been established in this population.
Warnings and Precautions
Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before giving Bilastine Teva if any of the following apply:
- Moderate to severe kidney impairment: Bilastine is primarily excreted unchanged via the kidneys. In patients with moderate to severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance below 60 mL/min), bilastine plasma concentrations may be elevated, potentially increasing the risk of side effects. Careful monitoring is recommended in these patients
- Concurrent use of P-glycoprotein inhibitors: Medications that inhibit the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter, such as ketoconazole, erythromycin, cyclosporine, ritonavir, and diltiazem, can increase bilastine plasma levels. If co-administration is unavoidable, careful monitoring for adverse effects is advised
- Elderly patients: Although there is limited clinical data on bilastine use specifically in elderly patients, pharmacokinetic studies suggest no dose adjustment is necessary. However, elderly patients may be more susceptible to side effects and should be monitored accordingly
- Patients with phenylketonuria: Check the excipient list for any phenylalanine-containing sweeteners, particularly aspartame, which may be present in some orodispersible tablet formulations
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Bilastine Teva 10 mg orodispersible tablets are indicated for use in children aged 6 to 11 years. However, if you are a woman of childbearing potential and require bilastine treatment, the following information is relevant:
- Pregnancy: There are limited data on the use of bilastine in pregnant women. Animal studies have not shown direct harmful effects on reproductive toxicity. As a precautionary measure, bilastine should be avoided during pregnancy unless clearly necessary
- Breastfeeding: It is not known whether bilastine is excreted in human breast milk. A decision should be made whether to discontinue breastfeeding or to discontinue bilastine therapy, taking into account the benefit of breastfeeding for the child and the benefit of treatment for the mother
Driving and Operating Machinery
Clinical studies in adults have shown that bilastine at the recommended dose of 20 mg does not significantly impair psychomotor performance or driving ability. In a placebo-controlled crossover study, bilastine showed no significant difference from placebo in its effects on driving performance, even when combined with alcohol. However, somnolence has been reported as an uncommon side effect, and individual responses may vary. Parents should observe how bilastine affects their child before the child engages in activities requiring alertness, such as cycling.
Unlike some other antihistamines, bilastine does not potentiate the sedative effects of alcohol in clinical studies. However, the 10 mg orodispersible tablet is indicated for children, for whom alcohol consumption is not applicable.
How Does Bilastine Teva Interact with Other Drugs?
Bilastine has a favorable drug interaction profile because it is not metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes. However, P-glycoprotein inhibitors (such as ketoconazole, erythromycin, and cyclosporine) and OATP1A2 inhibitors (such as grapefruit juice and ritonavir) can increase bilastine plasma levels. Food and fruit juice significantly reduce absorption.
One of the pharmacological advantages of bilastine compared to many other antihistamines is its minimal involvement in hepatic metabolism via the cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme system. Bilastine is not significantly metabolized by CYP enzymes and is excreted largely unchanged in the urine and feces. This characteristic substantially reduces the potential for drug-drug interactions mediated through CYP enzyme inhibition or induction, which is a common concern with many medications.
However, bilastine is a substrate of the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux transporter and the organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2) uptake transporter. These transporters play important roles in the absorption and distribution of bilastine, and drugs that affect these transporters can alter bilastine plasma concentrations.
Major Interactions
| Interacting Drug/Substance | Mechanism | Effect | Recommendation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ketoconazole | P-gp and CYP3A4 inhibitor | Increases bilastine AUC by approximately 2-fold | Caution; monitor for increased side effects |
| Erythromycin | P-gp inhibitor | Increases bilastine AUC by approximately 2-fold | Caution; monitor for increased side effects |
| Cyclosporine | P-gp inhibitor | May significantly increase bilastine plasma levels | Avoid concomitant use if possible |
| Diltiazem | P-gp inhibitor | Increases bilastine AUC by approximately 50% | Caution; consider dose adjustment |
| Ritonavir | P-gp inhibitor | May increase bilastine plasma levels | Avoid concomitant use if possible |
| Grapefruit juice | OATP1A2 inhibitor | Reduces bilastine bioavailability by approximately 30% | Avoid grapefruit juice; take with water only |
| Food | Reduces GI absorption | Reduces bilastine bioavailability by up to 30% | Take on an empty stomach (1 hour before or 2 hours after food) |
Minor Interactions
No clinically significant interactions have been reported between bilastine and the following commonly used medications:
- Paracetamol (acetaminophen): No pharmacokinetic interaction observed in clinical studies
- Lorazepam and other benzodiazepines: Bilastine does not potentiate the sedative effects of CNS depressants in clinical studies, although additive sedation cannot be entirely excluded in sensitive individuals
- Oral contraceptives: No interaction studies have identified clinically relevant interactions
- Other non-sedating antihistamines: No specific interaction data available, but concomitant use is generally not recommended as it provides no additional benefit
Unlike some older antihistamines (notably terfenadine and astemizole, which were withdrawn from the market), bilastine has been studied in thorough QT/QTc trials and does not prolong the QTc interval at therapeutic doses (20 mg) or at supratherapeutic doses (up to 200 mg, which is 10 times the adult recommended dose). This provides an important safety advantage regarding cardiac rhythm.
What Is the Correct Dosage of Bilastine Teva?
The recommended dose for children aged 6 to 11 years weighing at least 20 kg is one 10 mg orodispersible tablet once daily. The tablet should be placed on the tongue, allowed to dissolve, and swallowed with saliva. It must be taken on an empty stomach, at least one hour before or two hours after food or fruit juice.
Correct dosing of Bilastine Teva is essential for achieving optimal symptom relief while minimizing the risk of side effects. The dosage depends on the patient's age and body weight. The orodispersible tablet formulation offers a convenient method of administration, particularly for children who may have difficulty swallowing conventional tablets.
Children (6–11 years, body weight ≥ 20 kg)
Recommended Pediatric Dose
One 10 mg orodispersible tablet taken once daily on an empty stomach. Place the tablet on the tongue without chewing. The tablet will dissolve within seconds and can be swallowed with saliva without water. Alternatively, the tablet may be suspended in water and administered as a liquid.
The 10 mg dose for children was determined based on pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation, as well as efficacy data from clinical trials. This dose achieves plasma concentrations in children that are comparable to those achieved by the 20 mg adult dose, ensuring similar efficacy with an appropriate margin of safety for the pediatric population.
Adults and Adolescents (≥ 12 years)
Note: Different Formulation Required
Adults and adolescents aged 12 years and older should use the 20 mg bilastine tablet formulation (not this 10 mg orodispersible tablet). The recommended adult dose is 20 mg once daily, taken on an empty stomach. The 10 mg dose is insufficient for adequate symptom control in patients aged 12 years and older.
Elderly
Clinical data specifically on bilastine use in elderly patients are limited. Population pharmacokinetic analyses suggest that no dose adjustment is necessary based on age alone. However, given that elderly patients are more likely to have reduced renal function, monitoring for adverse effects is prudent. Consult a healthcare provider for individualized advice.
Patients with Renal Impairment
Renal Dose Considerations
Because bilastine is primarily eliminated unchanged via the kidneys, patients with moderate to severe renal impairment may experience higher bilastine plasma concentrations. Caution is advised in these patients, and the potential benefit of treatment should be weighed against the risk of increased adverse effects. Consult a nephrologist or pharmacist for dose adjustment guidance.
Missed Dose
If a dose of Bilastine Teva is missed, it should be taken as soon as remembered. However, if it is almost time for the next scheduled dose, the missed dose should be skipped and the regular dosing schedule should be resumed. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed one. Bilastine has a duration of action of approximately 24 hours, so a single missed dose may result in temporary return of allergy symptoms but does not require any compensatory action.
Overdose
In the event of overdose, standard symptomatic and supportive measures should be taken. Clinical studies in adult volunteers receiving bilastine doses of up to 220 mg (11 times the standard adult dose of 20 mg) showed no clinically significant adverse effects beyond those observed at the therapeutic dose. No specific antidote exists for bilastine. Due to its high protein binding and large volume of distribution, bilastine is not expected to be significantly removed by hemodialysis.
If you suspect an overdose of Bilastine Teva, contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention immediately, even if the child appears well. Bring the medicine packaging with you for identification.
| Patient Group | Dose | Frequency | Important Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Children 6–11 years (≥ 20 kg) | 10 mg (1 ODT) | Once daily | On empty stomach; dissolve on tongue |
| Adolescents ≥ 12 years | 20 mg tablet | Once daily | Use 20 mg formulation instead |
| Adults | 20 mg tablet | Once daily | Use 20 mg formulation instead |
| Elderly | 20 mg tablet | Once daily | Monitor renal function; no dose adjustment needed if normal renal function |
| Renal impairment | Use with caution | As directed | Higher plasma levels possible; consult physician |
| Children < 6 years | Not recommended | — | Safety and efficacy not established |
What Are the Side Effects of Bilastine Teva?
Bilastine is generally well tolerated with a side effect profile comparable to placebo in clinical trials. The most commonly reported side effects in pediatric patients include headache, somnolence, and abdominal pain. Serious side effects are very rare. Bilastine does not cause clinically significant QTc prolongation.
Like all medicines, Bilastine Teva can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them. Clinical trials involving bilastine have consistently demonstrated a favorable safety profile, with the overall incidence of adverse events comparable to placebo. This is particularly noteworthy for an antihistamine, as sedation is often a dose-limiting side effect in this drug class.
The safety data for bilastine in pediatric patients comes from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials as well as long-term safety extension studies. In the pivotal pediatric trial, bilastine 10 mg showed no statistically significant difference from placebo in the overall incidence of adverse events. The following side effects have been reported from clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance.
Common (affects up to 1 in 10 patients)
- Headache: the most frequently reported side effect in both adult and pediatric trials
- Somnolence (drowsiness): reported at rates similar to placebo in most studies, but still listed as a common adverse event
Uncommon (affects up to 1 in 100 patients)
- Dizziness
- Abdominal pain: upper abdominal discomfort or stomach ache
- Nausea
- Fatigue: feeling unusually tired
- Increased appetite
- Irregular heartbeat (cardiac arrhythmia): reported very rarely, with no evidence of QTc prolongation at therapeutic or supratherapeutic doses
- Nasal dryness
- Dry mouth
- Gastroenteritis: stomach and intestinal inflammation
- Weight gain
Rare (affects up to 1 in 1,000 patients)
- Tachycardia: rapid heart rate
- Vertigo: sensation of spinning
- Insomnia: difficulty sleeping
- Abnormal ECG findings: generally not clinically significant
- Anxiety
- Skin rash or pruritus: allergic skin reaction to the medication itself
Safety Compared to Other Antihistamines
A key advantage of bilastine over first-generation antihistamines (such as diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, and chlorpheniramine) is its minimal sedative effect. Clinical studies using standardized cognitive and psychomotor tests have consistently shown that bilastine at the recommended dose does not significantly differ from placebo in its effects on alertness, reaction time, or cognitive function. This is because bilastine does not cross the blood-brain barrier to a clinically meaningful extent at therapeutic doses, unlike first-generation antihistamines which freely enter the central nervous system.
Bilastine also differs from some second-generation antihistamines in its cardiac safety profile. While terfenadine and astemizole were withdrawn from the market due to QTc prolongation and risk of torsades de pointes, bilastine has been thoroughly studied in this regard. A dedicated QT/QTc study (ICH E14 compliant) demonstrated that bilastine does not prolong the QTc interval at doses up to 200 mg (10 times the adult therapeutic dose), confirming an excellent cardiac safety margin.
Reporting Side Effects
If your child experiences any side effects, including any not listed in this article, tell your doctor or pharmacist. You can also report side effects directly to your national pharmacovigilance authority (for example, the Yellow Card Scheme in the United Kingdom, MedWatch in the United States, or the EudraVigilance system in the European Union). By reporting side effects, you help provide valuable information on the safety of this medicine.
How Should You Store Bilastine Teva?
Store Bilastine Teva at room temperature below 30°C in the original packaging to protect from moisture. Keep out of the reach and sight of children. Do not use the medicine after the expiry date printed on the packaging.
Proper storage of Bilastine Teva is important to maintain the effectiveness and safety of the medication. Orodispersible tablets can be particularly sensitive to moisture because they are designed to dissolve rapidly, so protecting them from humidity is essential.
- Temperature: Store below 30°C (86°F). Do not refrigerate or freeze
- Moisture protection: Store in the original blister packaging until ready to use. Do not remove tablets from the blister pack in advance
- Light: No special precautions regarding light exposure are necessary
- Child safety: Keep the medicine in a safe place out of the reach and sight of children
- Expiry date: Do not use this medicine after the expiry date (EXP) printed on the carton and blister. The expiry date refers to the last day of that month
Do not throw away any medicines via household waste or wastewater. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines you no longer use. These measures help to protect the environment.
When removing a Bilastine Teva orodispersible tablet from its blister pack, ensure your hands are dry. The tablet is fragile and should be handled gently. Peel back the foil backing rather than pushing the tablet through the foil, as this may cause the tablet to break.
What Does Bilastine Teva Contain?
Each Bilastine Teva orodispersible tablet contains 10 mg of bilastine as the active ingredient. Excipients include mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose, crospovidone, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium stearate, and a flavoring agent to improve palatability.
Understanding the full composition of a medication is important for identifying potential allergens and understanding the formulation characteristics. Bilastine Teva orodispersible tablets are designed to dissolve rapidly in the mouth, which requires a specific combination of excipients that facilitate rapid disintegration and pleasant taste.
Active Ingredient
Each orodispersible tablet contains 10 mg of bilastine (2-[4-(2-(4-(1-(2-ethoxyethyl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)phenyl]-2-methylpropionic acid). Bilastine is a piperidine derivative that selectively binds to peripheral H1 histamine receptors. It is a white to off-white crystalline powder with low aqueous solubility.
Excipients (Inactive Ingredients)
The orodispersible tablet formulation contains the following inactive ingredients:
- Mannitol (E421) — a sugar alcohol used as a bulk sweetener that provides a pleasant mouthfeel and cooling sensation
- Microcrystalline cellulose — a common pharmaceutical excipient used as a binder and filler
- Crospovidone — a superdisintegrant that ensures rapid disintegration of the tablet on the tongue
- Colloidal anhydrous silica — a glidant that improves powder flow during manufacturing
- Magnesium stearate — a lubricant used in tablet manufacturing
- Tutti-frutti flavoring — a flavoring agent to improve taste acceptability, particularly important for pediatric formulations
Appearance and Packaging
Bilastine Teva 10 mg orodispersible tablets are white to off-white, round, flat tablets. They are supplied in aluminum/aluminum blister packs. Pack sizes may include 10, 20, 30, or 50 orodispersible tablets, although not all pack sizes may be marketed in every country. Each blister pack is enclosed in a cardboard carton along with a package leaflet.
Allergen Information
Bilastine Teva orodispersible tablets do not contain lactose, gluten, tartrazine, or azo dyes. Patients with known allergies to any of the listed excipients should not take this medication. If you are uncertain about any ingredient, consult your pharmacist before use.
Frequently Asked Questions About Bilastine Teva
Bilastine Teva 10 mg orodispersible tablets are used to relieve the symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (hay fever) such as sneezing, runny or itchy nose, and itchy or watery eyes, and urticaria (hives) such as itching and wheals in children aged 6 to 11 years weighing at least 20 kg. It contains bilastine, a second-generation antihistamine that blocks histamine H1 receptors to stop allergic symptoms.
Bilastine is classified as a non-sedating antihistamine. Clinical studies have shown that bilastine at recommended doses does not significantly impair psychomotor performance or cause more drowsiness than placebo. This is because bilastine does not cross the blood-brain barrier to a meaningful extent at therapeutic doses. However, somnolence has been reported as an uncommon side effect, so individual responses may vary. Parents should observe how their child responds before allowing activities that require full alertness.
Bilastine Teva must be taken on an empty stomach — at least one hour before or two hours after eating food or drinking fruit juice — because food and fruit juice significantly reduce its absorption. Pharmacokinetic studies have shown that co-administration with food can reduce bilastine bioavailability by up to 30%, which may compromise the therapeutic effect of the medication. Water does not affect absorption and can be used freely. This is an important difference from many other antihistamines, which can be taken with or without food.
The 10 mg orodispersible tablet formulation of Bilastine Teva is specifically designed for children aged 6 to 11 years with a body weight of at least 20 kg. Adults and adolescents aged 12 years and older should use the 20 mg bilastine tablet formulation instead, as the 10 mg dose is insufficient for adequate symptom control in the adult population. Using the wrong dose may result in suboptimal allergy relief.
Bilastine and cetirizine are both second-generation H1-antihistamines with comparable efficacy for allergic rhinitis and urticaria. However, bilastine has several pharmacological advantages: it is less likely to cause sedation (cetirizine has a higher reported incidence of drowsiness), it is not metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes (reducing drug interaction potential), it does not prolong the QTc interval at any tested dose, and it does not potentiate the sedative effects of alcohol. Cetirizine, on the other hand, is available over-the-counter in many countries and has a longer track record of use.
If your child misses a dose, give it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue with the regular dosing schedule. Do not give a double dose to make up for the missed one. Bilastine has a duration of action of approximately 24 hours, so a single missed dose may result in temporary return of allergy symptoms but does not require any compensatory action. If symptoms return, the next regular dose should provide relief within approximately one hour.
References
- European Medicines Agency (EMA). Bilastine-containing medicinal products — Referral under Article 30 of Directive 2001/83/EC. Available at: ema.europa.eu. Accessed January 2026.
- Bachert C, Kuna P, Sanquer F, et al. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of bilastine 20 mg vs desloratadine 5 mg in seasonal allergic rhinitis patients. Allergy. 2009;64(1):158-165. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2008.01813.x
- Zuberbier T, Oanta A, Engel R, et al. Efficacy and safety of bilastine compared with cetirizine in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Allergy. 2010;65(4):516-528.
- Brözek JL, Bousquet J, Agache I, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines — 2016 revision. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2017;140(4):950-958.
- Zuberbier T, Abdul Latiff AH, Abuzakouk M, et al. The international EAACI/GA²LEN/EuroGuiDerm/APAAACI guideline for the definition, classification, diagnosis, and management of urticaria. Allergy. 2022;77(3):734-766.
- Corcostegui R, Labeaga L, Innerarity A, Berisa A, Orjales A. Preclinical pharmacology of bilastine, a new selective histamine H1 receptor antagonist: receptor selectivity and in vitro antihistaminic activity. Drugs R D. 2005;6(6):371-384.
- Graff C, Struber M, Toft P, Ulm S, Meinert CL. Effect of bilastine on cardiac repolarization: a thorough QT/QTc study. Clin Drug Investig. 2012;32(5):339-346.
- World Health Organization (WHO). Prevention of Allergy and Allergic Asthma: Based on the WHO/WAO meeting on prevention of allergy and allergic asthma. Geneva: WHO; 2003.
About the Editorial Team
This article was written and reviewed by the iMedic Medical Editorial Team, comprising licensed specialists in allergy, immunology, pharmacology, and clinical medicine. Our content follows the GRADE evidence framework and is based on peer-reviewed research, international clinical guidelines (EMA, ARIA, EAACI/GA²LEN/WAO), and established medical standards.
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